The us President’s “sand and death” doctrine on Syria stopped any Western involvement and neatly combined Putin’s long-term goal of knocking out Americans and Europeans. As part of the Syrian peace process being discussed in Astana, Russia forced the UN to support Putin’s constitutional Committee promoted by the Kremlin last month, marking its first step towards a peaceful settlement.

Thus, the dream of the Kurds to create an Autonomous region on the border with Turkey is done for the good, as is the Syrian opposition. Meanwhile, Turkey will bear the brunt of a rejuvenated Isis, Assad still has a long way to go in Idlib fighting al Qaeda affiliates and as it deals with the humanitarian crisis across the country.

From a new position of power, Russia can guarantee contracts for exclusive access to an oil-rich area in northeastern Syria, and has influence over a large launch pad to influence the entire middle East and Africa. Russia is already involved in the promotion of General Khalifa Haftar in Libya and still insists on the establishment of military bases in Egypt.

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